Hinge



W. L..EVANS, In.

. HINGE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24 1921.

y1,407,739, Patented Feb. 28, 1922.`

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

i i I I I I i l F29' l" A l WL-E1/ab6fj Y L [NVENTORI WITNEssEs @j W. L. EVANS,` In. HINGE.- APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, 1921.

i Eg. 5.

Patented Feb. 28, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTORl WITNESSES ATTORN EY WILLIAM LEWIS EVANS.` JR., OF WASHINGTON, INDIANA.

i HINGE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 28, 1922 imputation aiea'rebruary 24, 192i. semaine. 447,417. I

T0 all 107mm t may concer/11,:

Ber it known that l. lll'iLLniM L. Evans,

Jr., a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing'y at 'Vashington, in the county of Daviess and State of Indiana, have invented `a new and useful Hinge, of whiclrthe following a specification.

This -invention relateslto hinges of the multiple pivot type, in which are combined with a j amb plate and a door plate, a `pair of arms, the opposite ends 4of which are 'pivoted, respectively, to the said plates in suclirelation to each other` that they always assume a non-parallel position.

The invention is generally an improvenient upon the hinge showindesc 'ibed and claimed 'in my Patent, No. 1,367,954, dated February 8, 192i, but is more specifically an improvement on the construction of hinge shown, described and claimed in my cepending application, Serial No. 3&G,45'5,iiled Dec.

In said application, l have shown the jainb plate made angular in form, having at opposite ends vertical holes or sockets, which, when the jamb plate isapplied to the door jamb, disposes the said holes orsockets respectively inside and outside `the entrance or opening closed by the door, in different vertical planes. Associated with the angular jamb plate, is a door plate rigidly mounted on the door, and also having a pair of holes or sockets. The holes or sockets in the amb plate and door plate are adapted to loosely receive, respectively, the downturiied `and i'ipturned ends of a pair of swinging arms, said arms being removable from the jarnb plate and door plate at will.l v

In said construction, considerable mechanical skill is necessary in properly mounting the door and jamb plates in order to receive the ends of the swinging arms, and cause themto properly function, and, moreover, there are certain limitations imposed on suoli construction which prevent it from being used for general purposes.

To construct a hinge which is more easily k.installed and adapted` to a wider range of usefulness, I have connected the jainb plate and Vthe door plate to theends of the swinging arms, so that the four elements constitute a single unitary structure. I have made the arms out of two plates of flat metal, and have formed the pivotal connections between the arms and the door and jamb plates of interlockiiig eyes of articulated construction connected by hinge pins or bolts, the structure resembling` the ordinary butt hinge of commerce, but possess-' v ing advantages and having uses which are incapable of being performed byv ordinary hinges.

This new construction of hinge lends itself for use as an overhead hinge in warehouses, factories and garages,l in which uses, when the door is raised to its open position, it is adapted to form an awning or protection for the opening. It is, however, useful for ex@ terior and communicating doors,` garage doors, telephone booths, wardrobe lockers and even on many kindsof furniture.

The invention will be best understood from a consideration of the following detailed description, taken inconnectionwith the accompanying drawings' forming part of thisv specification, with the further understanding I.

that while" the ydrawings yshow a practical form oli' the invention, vthe latter is not con-V fined to strict conformity with the showing of the drawings, but may be changed and modified so longas such changes and modifications come 4within the scope of the appended claims. i i

Referring to the drawing Fig. l represents an elevation of three iiarrow doors, arranged side by side, showing two doors closed and'oney open, said doors being equipped with the hinge ofthe present invention.

Fig.V 2 isa vertical section throngh the kopen door, the door in its open position constituting an awning `for the opening to proteet it from Vrain and sun. n

Fig. 3 is a kfront elevation showing a single widedoor equipped with a plurality of hinges ofthe present invention, weights and pulleys being shown in dotted lines for *sus taining they door when raised.

Fig. 4e is a Vvertical section of the construction shown in Fig. 3, lshowing the door closed. y

Fig. 5 isa similar section of the constructionilhistrated in Fig. 3, with thefdoor open and raised to its horizontalposition. n

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view showing the mount-inv of the hinge in its overhead position yand illust-rating in dotted lines .the progressive movement of the doorfrom the vertical position to the horizontal posif tion.

Fig. S is a horizontal section taken on the line 8 8, Fig 7.

Fig. 9 is a detail perspective view of one ot' the hinges detached.

Fig. 10 is Van elevation of one of the arms of the hinge.

Fig. 11 is a longitudinal section .of the same.

Fig. 12 is an elevation of the door plate. Y

Fig.A 13 is a section of the same.

y Fig. 14 is a longitudinal section of the janib plate.

Fig. 15 is a transverse section illustrating the mounting of the jamb plate in the jamb strip.

Like reference characters indicate corresponding' parts in the several figures of the drawing.

The hinge constituting the present 4invention is represented in detail in Figs. 9 to le, inclusive, of the drawing. y

It consists in part of two arms 10 and 11 made of flat metal of the same length, width and thickness. `F or general purposes, they are each made eight inches long, but the length is varied to suit the special conditions of service. Both ends of the arms arev provided with spaced square notches, and the material is bent between'thenotches to form pintle eyes. In forming the eyes, the material is bent inwardly only so that the eyes do not project beyond the outer face of the arms (see Fig. 1l). By making the arms identical in shape and size, they may be stamped from the same dies.

The hinge includes a door plate and a jamb plate pivotally connected to the two arms. Both plates have substantially the same width as the arms. Thevdoor plate 12 is alsomade of Hat metal,-and is formed at its opposite ends with pintle eyes separated by notches in the same manner as the armsv l0, 11 and is providedwith screwiholes for the reception of screws or bolts in fastening,

the door plate to the-face of the door. The j amb plate 13 is bent transversely at an intermediate point of its length and` thereby made angular in form, and is providedV with holes tor screws or bolts in fastening the sameon the j amb, and has its ends provided with pintle eyes separated by notches the same as the door plate and the twoarms l0, 11. The jamb plate is larger than the door plate.. l

In assembling the parts of the hinge, the

pintle eyes onthe arms 10 and 11 fit in the Y notches which space'the pintle eyes Vof the door and jamb plates while the pintle eyes of the said plates ht in the notches oi said arms, in this way forming what is known as an articulated joint. being substantially identical in principle ot construction to the ordinary buttshinge. After the pintle eyes are thus assembled in matching relation, then pins or bolts are passed through the alined eyes so as to connect the four parts of the hinge together; that 'is to say,`the arms 10 and 11 each have one end connected in the manner described to the opposite ends of the door plate, while the other` ends ot said arms are connected to opposite ends of the jamb plate. In practice, the pins or bolts 14, which connect one of the ends of the arms 10 and 1]A to the door plate, and the pin orbolt 15 joining the other end of arm 11v to the jamb plate, have their ends riveted so that they cannot become detached,

but the pin or bolt 15EL connecting arm l() to the end ofl the j amb plate is maderemovable for the purpose of permitting the hinge to be mounted in place. It will be obvious that by removing the bolt 15a, the j amb plate may be detached at one end and the arms of the hinge .opened out allowing the door plate 12 to `be fastened to the door, at'tcr which the jamb plate may be-fastened in place, and when this is done, arm 10 may be again connected to the free end of the jamb plate and held thereto by the 'boltl 4 The hinge may be applied to a door swinging in a horizontal plane or. in a vertical plane, and I have disclosed herein both uses of the hinge. In vmaking either application, the only change necessary in a standard door frame, is thata strip 16 be sccured to the door frame to which the hingeV is secured.v This strip, which should be of substantial construction, is grooved out at 16L to receive one arm of the j amb plate. (See Figs. 6 and 15). The other arm fits against the outer exposed face of the strip, andboth arms are secured in place by screws or bolts', as shown. This arrangement brings the pivotal connections of the arms 10 and 11 to the jamb` platefin different vertical planes, and at an angle to each other,the pivot, connecting the arm 10 to the jamb plate being located at the inner endof the groove 16a, and inthe angle formed between fiatv said strip 16 and a part of the doonframe.

The other connection between the arm 11 and the jamb strip is extended out beyond the strip 16 and is spaced therefrom. Prccisely the same arrangement is followed, whether the door be hung toswing vertically or horizontally, as will be obvious upon a comparison between Fig. 6 and Fig. 8, the

latter representing the mounting yof the hinge when the door swingshorizontally.

Fig. 7 shows the improved hingemounted l on an ordinary ldoor 'swinging in a horizon-v tal plane, it being noted that the hinges are applied directly to the face of the door. In small doors, two hinges are all that are necessary, each composed of the `elements shown inv Fig. 9; but in large doors, three or even four hinges may be found desirable for use,

and they may be made of greater dimen-k sions than the size previously given.

In F l to 5, inclusive, the hinge is shown in connection with doors which are swung upwardly. three doors are sliowmeach equipped with two hinges. closed, and the other swung up into a horizontal position, in which position the door serves as an awning or protection for the opening, which is normally closed by the door. In small doors, no counter-Weight is required to hold the doors in their open horizontal position when once raised, for the reason that the arms of the hinge reach past theghorizontal center .of the door, but in the caseof large doors, it isnecessary to use a Weight to counterbalance the same and' to hold the doors in such position.k I have shown in Figs. 3, 4t and 5 how counterbalancing Weights may be applied. In Fig. a single large Vdoor 1s shown having a conn-v terbalancing Weightconnected byv ropes to the sides of the door, and moving in guides of the framework. This door is shown pro vided With four hinges. Fig. 4 represents a.

sectional view shovvingthe door closed, While door open 1n a horizontal.

Fig. 5 shows the position. g l

It ivill ybe understood that this constructionlof hinge possesses all the advantages of thev hinge structure shown, described and claimed in my co-pending application Serial No. 346,455, but has thefurther advantage.

cially adapted. In churches andgschools, it

is customary to provide movable partitions to dividethe auditorium into separate class rooms. At the end of the class exercises it is necessary to remove the partitions, which takes considerable time and trouble, but with the hinge of the present invention, the partitions may be raised and carried up to the top of the frame in a horizontal plane, Where they are out of theavay and above the headr of any person in the room, andithis may lbe accomplished with little effort.Y and almost` at a moments notice.

Thisfeature isalso desirable for garage doors, for vwhich purpose the door may be made as three separate doors, as shownin Fig. l, or as a single door, shown in F ig. 3.

This constructionis also adapted for Warehousesand factory purposes, in which uses In 'Fig'. l, a `series .of

Tivo of the doors are shown awning for the opening, makes is peculiarly popular.

The construction may also be employed..

for short doors or sashes, or doors under stage fronts for schools. Y

vThe hinge of the present invention may be applied to ordinary lhorizontal swinging.

doors,asfsho\vn in Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawings, all thechange necessary to be made be ing to remove the ordinary hinges and apply the hinge of the present invention by inserting the strip 16 previously described.

The hinge is also useful for exterior and communicating doors, telephone booths,

v1wardrobes, lockers, passenger coach doors,

this in- As hereinbefore stated, the pin or bolt 15 I,

ifonnecting the arm l()` to the'inner end kof the' jamb plate, is the Vonly one ofthe four. pins or boltswvhich is made removable. NOW, when the door is in the closed position (see Fig. 6), it will be noted that the edge'of the door overhangs the piniorbolt, and itl cannot then be removed. yThe pin or bolty can only be removed when the door is eitherl partly or entirely open; Of course, in struc@y r doors or other closures, I do not Wish to be* limited to special applications of the hinge,

for I have already indicated that it hasYV a very WideA range of usefulness. In the claims,` therefore, I shall use the terms stationary member 'and movable mem# berlin referring to the jamb or door frame and the door respectively, for in Whatever relation or position orruse the hinge may be put, one part of the hinge Vmust be seicured to a Vmovablememberand the other part to a stationary-member. s f

The operation of the door* in swinging from a. if'ertical vlto fa; yhorizontal position is shown 1n dotted lines iniFig. 6 of the draw'- ings. The same' operation may be underof the door vanishesk Within the compart- Vment stall, booth or space closed by the door.

The extent to which the door vanishes with# in the compartment, ete.,-may be regulated by increasingor decreasing the length of the arms 1,0, l1.

lVhat is claimed is l. A hinge comprising a pair of plates, and a pair ot arms, the opposite ends of the arms being pivot-ally connected to one of the ends ot each ot' the said plates, the plates and the arms being of the same Width and the arms having the same length said arms being spaced from each other througln out their lengths.

A. hinge comprising a pair of plates and a pair of arms, the plates and the arms having substantially the saine Width and the arms having substantially the same length, opposite ends ot the arms being pivotally connected to one of the ends of each of the said plates, one of said plates being bent transversely at an intermediate point ot' its length `to dispose its ends at an angle to each other. Y

3. A hinge comprising a pair of plates, and apair of arms, the opposite ends of the arms being pivotally-connected to one ot the ends ot each of the said plates, all of said elements being made of flat metalotl the same Width and certain of' said pivotal connections being permanentwand Acertain removable whereby said elements of the hinge constitute a unitary structure.

at. Aiihinge comprising a pair of plates,l

and a pair of arms, the opposite ends of the arms being pi'votally connected to one oi the ends of each'ot the said plates,v one ot said plates being longer than the other and bent transverselyat an intermediate point of its length, the arms being of 'the' same length and certain of said pivotal connections being fixed and certain detachable whereby the elements ot said hinge are united toform a unitary structure.

5, A hinge comprising a pair of plates, and a pair of arms, theopposite ends of the arms heilig pivotally connected to one ot the ends of each of the said plates, the arms being made of 'flat metal straight from end to end and having they samellength and width the pivotal connections between said elements being in the form of articulated joints. certain oit which are lixed and certain are detachable torminga unitary structure.

G. A hinge comprisinga pair of plates. and apair of arms, each plate and each arm 'having its respective 4ends formed with spacedl pintle eyes,-the eyes on the ends otthe arms being constructed to articulate with the eyes on `the ends of the plates, each Varm beingconnected to both ot the plates,

and hinge pins or bolts passed through the meeting eyes to hold tliearms and plates together as a unitary structure certain oi the hinge pins or bolts being fixedand eertain detachable. f l

T. hinge comprisingfa pair of plates, and a pair of arms, one ofthe plates being longer than the other and bent transversely betiveen itsl ends, and the arms being of the same length, each plate and each arm having its respectiveends formed with spaced pintle eyes, the eyes on the ends ot' the arms being constructed to articulate with the eyes on the ends of the plates, each arm being con; neeted to. both ot the plates, and hinge pins or belts passed through the meeting eyes to hold the arms and plates together 4as a unitary structure the hinge pins or bolts which connect the arms to the short plate and to one end of the longer plate being secured against removal.

S. The combination with a stationary member having an Ainwardly projecting strip `angularV in cross section,-of a movable memmember having on its inner Vi'ace a projecting strip angular in eross'rsection, with one' of its faces grooved, of a movable member, and means for pivotally connecting the movable member' to the stationary member, eomprising an angular plate having one/of itsarms fittedand secured in the groove of said strip, and its' other arm secured to the other face thereof, a'plate secured to the movable mem'- bcr, anda pair of arms pivotally connecting the ends. ot the angular plate tothe other plate, saidl arms being of'a `substantially equal length, the door overlapping at one v'edge .said stripand one of thearms of said angular plate when in its closed position. vl0. The combination with a door frame provided on its inner face' with a strip angular in cross section, of a door, and means for pivotally connecting' the doorto the door` frame, comprising an angularrplate secured y'to tivofface's of said strip, a plate secured 'to Y the door, and a.A pair'o'farins of substantially equal length pivotally connecting the angular plate to the second-mentioned pp`lat'e,the pivotal connectionsv with the angular plate being so positioned thatl when the door Vis v closed, one edgeof thedoor its Within the door iframe -and overlaps the outer ypivotal connection with said angular plate, whereby access to thel said pivotal connection is obstructed. .Y l 1,

11. The 'combination With a stationary member, oi" a movable member, and means for pivotally connecting the movable member to the stationary member, comprising a pair `of arms of substantially the same lengt-h, a plate secured to the movable member, and an angular plate secured to the stationary member, the ends of the arms heilig Lacasse pivotally connected to the plate ot the movable member and to the ends of the angular plate of the stationary member, all of said pivotal connections being locatedon the same side of the movable member when in its closed position and the pivotal connections with the angular plate being arranged at an angle to each other, and one of the pivotal connections with the stationary member being overlapped by one edge oit the movable member When closed.

l2. The combination with a stationary member, ot a movable member, and means for pivotally connecting the movable member to the stationary member, said means being applied to the movable member Wholly Within the edges thereof, and comprising a pair of arms, a plate secured to the movable member and an angularl plate secured to the stationary member in angular relation to the movable member, the ends of the arms being pivotally connected to the respective ends of said plates, the pivotal connections of the arms with the plate of the stationary mem` ber being located Wholly at oneside of the movable member when the latter is in its closed position and at an angle to each other and at different distances from, the closed position of the movable member.

13. The combination with a door `frame, a strip angular in cross section secured to the door frame at a point remote -from its outer edge, of a door, and means for pivotally connecting the door to said strip on the doorl trame, comprising an angular plate secured to said strip in angular relation to the door, a plate secured to said door, and a pair of arms pivotally connected at their respective ends tothe ends of said angular platea-nd the other plate, said door when in its closed position overlapping` at one edge one jfaoel Volf the angular plate and said vangular strip van angular plate secured to the door frame so that its ends 'are in different horizontal planes, a plate secured to the tace of the door, and a pair of straight arms pivotally connecting the ends of the angular plate to the ends oi the door plate,'vvhereby When the door is raised to a horizontal position one of the arms is substantially parallel With the door and the other arm is arranged at an angle thereto.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto atlxed my signature.` v

WILLIAM LEWIS EVANS, JR.' 

